PRO

  • PRO

    My opponent has yet to provide an argument as to why...

    Global Warming is real

    My opponent has yet to provide an argument as to why climate change isn't real so I'll just ignore their incoherent mumbo jumbo except for the icecaps part and get straight to why the earth is slowly growing more warm and it is because of human activity. Increasing average temperatures. First we'll get into if the earth is actually warmer now. Yes, Average temperatures have grown by about one degree since the industrial revolution. This alone proves global warming is a fact but I'll keep going. One degree doesn't seem like much right? Well it's actually quite significant, The levels of forest fires, Water shortages and other problems have increased in frequency as of late. Another thing that just a one degree change can do is cause the ice caps to melt. Melting Antarctica. You said it yourself, The icecaps are melting which heavily implies you do believe global warming is real but I'll ignore these contradictory beliefs. Why is the ice melting a bad thing? Why is it a problem? Well for one, We'll end up seeing sea levels rise up. We're seeing this happen now. Major population centers such as New York city would be completely submerged under water. What this means is that millions if not billions of people would be displaced. More than just a population disaster would happen though, As we both know Antarctica is covered by a large sheet of ice, This ice reflects large swarths of heat that's coming from the sun. If the ice were to keep melting, Average temperatures would skyrocket which means more droughts in Africa and more environmental disasters such as hurricanes would plague the world. Are humans to blame? Shot answer. Yes. Long answer. You see since the begging of the industrial revolution, Carbon dioxide concentration in the air has increased by about forty five percent. Each year, Human civilizations pump about 36 gigatonnes of the stuff as of 2017. The increase in emissions as a percentage are about the same as global economic growth. Increases by about two percent per year. It is clear as day that humans are the number one largest contributor to carbon dioxide emissions and it's no surprise that this rapid increase in CO2 concentration began during humanity's industrialization. I'll end the first round with a question. Is America's economic growth really more important than the long term survival of thousands of animals including humans? Source/s The Atmosphere: Getting a Handle on Carbon Dioxide By Alan Buis, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory Global Temperature Change Bloomberg Green New Global CO2 Emissions Numbers Are In. They"re Not Good. by Kelly Levin Kelly Levin - December 05, 2018

    • https://www.debate.org/debates/Global-Warming-is-real/12/
  • PRO

    Haha yes that was just about sufficient! ... Well i'm...

    Global Warming is real, get over it.

    Haha yes that was just about sufficient! Firstly, to clear things up, i am not suggesting that the earth is warming because of the CO2 we are producing, because the amount we contribute (compared to the sea and cow's arses) is somewhat tiny. I understand that yes, there is 'a low proportion of co2 in the atmosphere' compared to oxygen, nitrogen etc. However, the o-zone layer it reacts with is also minute, and still thinning in most areas across the globe. Guess when 11 of the warmest 12 years since 1850 were? I understand that the earths climate changes periodically, (the UK used to be desert, and it feels like a long way from that today!). However, anyone clever enough to understand that the climate does change, should be wise to notice that it is right now. You said, "If the most accurate temperature collection system shows only a third of a degree increase from an ice age, is that really a cause for alarm?" Well i'm sure most people reading will appreciate that yes it probably is quite a lot to get worried about. Another point I should add is that 'average' climate change values are doubled near the poles. 1/3 of a degree in the sahara may not make much of a difference, but 2/3 of a degree near the poles, in such a short time?? In conclusion, there is not much we as a race can do to add to/detract from the rate at which the climate is changing. One thing we can do however, is accept that it is.

    • https://www.debate.org/debates/Global-Warming-is-real-get-over-it./1/
  • PRO

    This is what low priority looks like: throw out $1B to...

    "Fixing the Climate" should be a Low Priority for the USA

    1 ========= Up Front Costs Are a Waste You rescinded any claim to P savings after Q spending. Your only source that warming will ever end is the term "eventually. " 3 ========= There are no solutions You respond that "Research funding is important. Solutions can be found. " Low level research into everything (including the climate) is getting done. This is what low priority looks like: throw out $1B to various folks to see if they can make some miracles. If somebody somewhere in the world ever actually finds a possible solution, The USA (and all nations) should make a deliberate choice about how to implement it. If the new solution really has potential, THEN the USA should bump "fixing the climate" up to a top priority. But, Let's not put blind faith in climate research. Beyond a precipitous return to the stone age, The likelihood of finding a solution is low. 4 ========= My Argument #3 You say the problem "is not measurable. " This is the basis of my next argument. This very vagueness of the CATASTROPHE If the new solution really has potential, THEN the USA should bump "fixing the climate" up to a top priority. But, Let's not put blind faith in climate research. Beyond a precipitous return to the stone age, The likelihood of finding a solution is low. 4 ========= My Argument #3 You say the problem "is not measurable. " This is the basis of my next argument. This very vagueness of the CATASTROPHE is a great strength to your side of the question. Since we can't quantify the problem, We also cannot tell whether we've made any progress. The world has spent well over $2T on mitigating the CATASTROPHE so far (1). But no one knows or seems to care about what we have achieved. Can you provide any sources that this global spending has decreased "peak" warming at all? Please keep in mind that updated projections are usually due to changes in calculation, NOT evidence of progress. Because the problem (and progress) are vague, Environmentalists can continue forever to tell us "the sky is falling" and we must "act now" to get the deal. Even if your blessed research does provide a solution, I don"t think environmentalists would change their tune at all. They would still say the sky is falling and spout their moral imperatives to "keep the climate stable. " This politics of alarmism worked for the first decade or two, But now it fails to generate enough public support to rise beyond low priority. Therefore, Since costs to date have made zero progress so far (I call them a "bottomless pit"), The USA should keep its Q investments low. Source: According to "Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2017" on the Climate Policy Initiative. Between 2012 and 2016, Just under $2T USD was spent, Including government and private investments.

  • PRO

    finally, there is nothing that prevents a scientist from...

    Governments should require that funded climate data be posted

    I am having trouble figuring out what Con is claiming with respect to the contentions. He says "By refuting the negative results that most likely would result were the resolution be adopted, I have refuted the entire premise of the resolution and have thus responded to the debate challenge." But "refuting the negative results" of the resolution amounts to affirming the resolution. Surely Con doesn't want to affirm the resolution, so what I am supposed to make of what he says? He leaves my contentions largely unrefuted. Con understands correctly that the resolution requires that raw data be published within one month within the results of analysis. He asks, "wouldn't analyzed data also have to have been collected?" Analyzed data is what is published, so it is always disclosed. Thus for example, the raw historical temperature data showing the existence of the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) would be required to be posted on the Internet along with the processing software that removed the MWP to yield the hockey stick graph in which there was no climate change prior to the last few decades. Under the current rules, only the result in which past climate change was removed is revealed, and it took scientists a decade to dig out the steps by which the MWP was made to disappear. Con claims that, "To assume this would eliminate (or even curtail) errors and/or ambiguous data or skewed results is pure conjecture and unsupported." Con's clam is false because (a) I gave an important example, the hockey stick controversy, in which a serious error was revealed once the requirements of the resolution were met, and (b) the peer review process, long the basis for scientific publication, is enabled by the resolution. The resolution requires that information available under the Freedom of Information Act in the US and Britain be produced on a timely basis, rather than be subject to indefinite delay. It is not unsupported conjecture that peer review uncovers errors in general, nor is it conjecture that the process embodied in the resolution uncovered the major error in the hockey stick graph, with the result that the hockey graph was removed from the 2007 IPCC report. It is also not conjecture that CRU, perhaps innocently, erased the climate source data requested under a British FIA request, and that after nearly three years NASA has not responded to a FIA request for source data. If the method of the resolution is put into effect, the data disappearances and indefinite delays will be ended. Con suggests that the data and software only be given only to "bona fide investigators" rather than to "pundits." This suggestion does not respond to the history I have cited in which CRU and NASA did not in fact provide the data for review by bona fide climate scientists, claiming they lost the data or that they are unable to reconstruct the analysis or using various other excuses. In the Climategate e-mails, CRU scientists speak directly of subverting the peer review process so that their work will not be subject to scrutiny. The CRU and NASA scientists have no worries whatsoever about the general public or "pundits" receiving the data, because only scientists are capable of unraveling what CRU referred to as "tricks" used in processing the data. finally, there is nothing that prevents a scientist from also being a pundit. CO2 crisis advocates are often prominent pundits. Just produce the data for all to see, without a bunch of nonsense obstacles. The Medieval Warm Period was about as warm as the present, but it was made to disappear entirely from the historical record of climate through the the use of mathematical techniques claimed to be good science. It took substantial expertise to discover the errors. Every effort was made to keep the hockey stick data from qualified scientists. (The history of the hockey stick and it's unraveling is well covered in Plimer's book. http://www.amazon.com... ) The way that peer review is currently avoided, as it was avoided in the case of the hockey stick graph, is to provide the papers and the data only to believers in climate crisis, who then provide only a cursory review. The work is not made available to review by skeptics prior to publication, and after publication the data is not produced voluntarily for review. FIA requests must be formally filed, and those are often ignored or resisted. Con implies that there is some threat to national security involved if data is published. There is none. For example, there are currently about 770 scientific papers supporting the existence of the Medieval Warm period, and they include work form Russia, China, and every corner of the earth. Con cannot site a single matter of national security involved. Con claims, "If all communications between parties engaged in climate-change research were to be made public, free and uninhibited discourse between these parties would be severely curtailed." The resolution does not require the publication of any e-mail or correspondence. It does not require disclosure of preliminary results of any kind. The resolution requires on that when results of climate analysis are published voluntarily by scientists, that the supporting raw data and processing software be posted within one month of publication. CRU wanted to keep their e-mail about subverting peer review secret for fear a hacker or whistleblower would reveal it, but the present resolution would not affect private e-mail. The resolution only concerns data and software, and then only when results are announced. Con argues "One has to duplicate perfectly the entry of that data and the parameters surrounding the software within the specific computer as well as being equally conversant in the operation of the software as its creator." Yes, that is why software configuration control systems are used. http://en.wikipedia.org... It is a solved problem. There is no version of good science that does not require reproducing results. There is no concern that unqualified people in the general public will critique climate research software. The general public cannot comprehend it. What CRU and NASA are worried about are the critiques of well-qualified climate scientists. And they should be worried, because in the past they have been caught cooking the books. Con concludes, "But to insist upon public disclosure of every keystroke and instance of data falling outside of the standard deviation model is to invite equally public defamation of the publishing party ..." But, of course, the resolution does not come close to requiring every keystroke. Rather, climate scientists advocating crisis theory made the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age disappear from climate history. During the Medieval Warm period, grapes were grown in Scotland and Greenland was named for its greenery. During the Little Ice Age, the Thames froze over every year and winter festivals were held on the ice. But after processing by "sound scientific methods" a graph was produced that showed nothing happening with global climate until the last few decades. The data and methods were withheld from skeptical scientists and from the public who paid for the bogus research. The resolution only requires that scientists paid by the government to perform climate research disclose what raw data they started with, and how they process it to get the results they voluntarily choose to publish. I'm sorry if they don't like to show their work, but most of us had to do that starting in grade school. climate research is too important to let it be concealed, only to have it ultimately drawn out by lawsuits under the Freedom of Information Act. Let's do it up front and get on with it. The resolution is affirmed.

  • PRO

    Thank you for agreeing to the debate. ===We need to keep...

    "Fixing the Climate" should be a Low Priority for the USA

    Thank you for agreeing to the debate. ===We need to keep in mind the real choices before us=== Many people think that the climate choices are: A) fix the climate, Or B) head straight for the CATASTROPHE. In contrast, This CNN article (1) describes the real choices: B) best case, Hit the CATASTROPHE in 2100, Or C) real case, Hit the CATASTROPHE some few years later (can anyone tell me how long the delay will be? ) ===Let's review how the three options stack up=== If option A were really possible, Then maybe the USA could rationalize putting a lot of resources on it today. But since a slight delay in 80 years is all we can possibly achieve, The priority of necessity plummets. If we go ahead with option B, We will certainly need to spend resources on the CATASTROPHE. But, It will be to deal with the incremental consequences as they come (let"s call these incremental costs "P"). If we go ahead with option C, We will spend a lot of time and money to slightly delay the CATASTROPHE (let"s call these up front costs "Q"). Nevertheless, Once the delay expires, We will still have to spend the P costs. ===Now, I will conclude my Argument #1=== Every penny of the up front costs Q will be wasted. By definition, Q + P > P. Therefore, I recommend that we not spend Q. Source (1) links not working. The CNN article is called "Earth to warm 2 degrees Celsius by the end of this century, Studies say" with a dateline of July 31, 2017

  • PRO

    Since then, carbon dioxide concentrations have increased...

    Global warming is real

    Website 1: You can see increasing temperatures all around the globe from now a century and a half ago to now. The Earth's average temperature has risen more than 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.8 degrees Celsius) over the last century, and about twice that in parts of the Arctic. What else can cause the polar ice caps to melt? Models allow scientists to make predictions about the future climate. Basically, models simulate how the atmosphere and oceans absorb energy from the sun and transport it around the globe. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Website 2: Atmosphere Carbon Dioxide are higher today than any other time in the last 650,000 years. They are about 35% higher than before the industrial revolution. The concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in atmospheric samples have been measured continuously since the late 1950s. Since then, carbon dioxide concentrations have increased steadily from about 315 parts per million in the late 1950s to about 385 ppm now, with small spatial variations away from major sources of emissions. Concentrations of carbon dioxide are measured in parts per million, those of methane and nitrous oxide in parts per billion. These are trace constituents of the atmosphere. Together with water vapor, they account for less than 1% of the volume of the atmosphere. And yet they are crucially important for Earth"s climate. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Website 3: The temperature keeps rising and lowering at an extreme levels. Sea levels are rising. Natural disasters are happening more often. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Website 4: Sea levels are rising up in the last 2,000 years. "The planet is red" in a global map of the change in average surface temperatures, noted Swiss climate scientist Thomas Stocker, co-chair of IPCC Working Group I responsible for this summary at a press conference. "The world is warming." In 2007 the human effect on the climate has grown 40 percent. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Websites used- Website 1: http://environment.nationalgeographic.com... Website 2: http://www.skeptic.com... Website 3: http://www.dosomething.org... Website 4: http://www.scientificamerican.com... ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I am finished and i will hand it over to my opponent.I wish the best of luck.

    • https://www.debate.org/debates/Global-warming-is-real/6/
  • PRO

    In actuality, we observed .32 degrees of warming, almost...

    Global climate models are accurate enough to be relied upon

    Models can accurately reproduce past climate changes: Climate models have successfully simulated many aspects of the climate changes observed during the instrumental period. Most notably, models have reporduced the increase in surface air temperatures remarkably well (1-2). Scientists have also found a high degree of similarity between the simulated and observed evolution of global lower stratospheric temperatures during the past 25 years (3). Good agreement between model projections and observations has likewise been reported for decreases in Arctic Ocean ice cover. As one researcher concluded, “The simulated decreasing trend in average sea ice extent for 1970–1999 (–2.5% per decade) is very similar to observations" (4). In addition, model projections are consistent with observations of changes in ocean heat content since 1960 (5). Models have predicted changes in atmospheric temperatures nearly perfectly: In 1988, Dr. James Hansen predicted future atmospheric temperature changes using several different emissions scenarios. His second scenario most closely resembled the observed pattern of carbon dioxide emissions. Models which employed this scenario predicted that we should have seen .33 degrees Celsius of warming between 1988 and 2005. In actuality, we observed .32 degrees of warming, almost exactly what the models predicted (6). Climate models can accurately simulate important feedbacks: Climate models predict that atmospheric water vapor will increase as the surface warms. Observations have independently confirmed these predictions. Satellite measurements indicate that the total atmospheric water content, which is dominated by water vapor in the lower troposphere, has increased at a rate consistent with model predictions (7-8). Interestingly, upper tropospheric water vapor has also increased during the past two decades (9). Climate model simulations indicate that cloud cover changes will most likely amplify greenhouse gas warming. Observations have confirmed that these predictions are also correct. As Dr. Andrew Dessler noted, “The short-term cloud feedback has a magnitude of 0.54 ± 0.74 watts per square meter per kelvin, meaning that it is likely positive...Calculations of short-term cloud feedback in climate models yield a similar feedback” (10). In a few instances, models have been even more accurate than data: Observations themselves are not without error. In a few cases, model simulations have been even more accurate than data. For example, climate models in the 1990s could not reproduce the full extent of the Northern Hemispheric cooling in the 1950s as indicated by observational data. However, a careful analysis later revealed that the data had been distorted by a change in the way ocean temperatures were measured after World War II (11). In another example, satellite measurements in the early 2000s showed essentially no warming in the middle levels of the atmosphere. More direct measurements by balloons and radiosondes likewise showed no warming there. However, a "tropospheric hot spot" had been predicted by all models clear back to the 1970s. This alleged discrepancy was resolved to the satisfaction of most modelers in 2005, when several researchers documented errors in the sets of observations. For example, the observers had not taken proper account of how instruments in the weather balloons heated up when struck by sunlight. Once these errors were accounted for, it was evident that the middle levels of the atmosphere had indeed been warming up (12). Conclusion: As Dr. Michael Mann remarked, “Current climate models do a remarkably good job of reproducing key features of the actual climate...They also closely reproduce past climate changes. We therefore have good reason to take their predictions of possible future changes in climate seriously” (13). References: http://ipcc.ch... http://150.229.66.66/staff/jma/meehl_additivity.pdf http://atmosdyn.yonsei.ac.kr... http://www.cpom.org... http://www.sciencemag.org... http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov... http://geotest.tamu.edu... http://www.cgd.ucar.edu... http://www.dca.iag.usp.br... http://geotest.tamu.edu... http://www.atmos.colostate.edu... http://www.geo.utexas.edu... Mann, Michael E., and Lee R. Kump. Dire Predictions. New York: Pearson Education, 2008. Print.

  • PRO

    Dessler’s findings: My opponent claims that Dessler’s...

    Global climate models are accurate enough to be relied upon

    My opponent's quotes: In the previous round, my opponent presented several quotes from experts who seemed to believe that models are not accurate enough to be relied upon. However, many of these quotes were taken from seriously flawed studies or biased sources. For instance, let’s consider his second quote which came from a scientific paper published by Douglass, Christy, Pearson, and Singer in late 2007. This paper purported to demonstrate that modeled and observed tropical temperature trends disagree to a statistically significant extent. However, other scientists have identified major flaws in this study. As Dr. Ben Santer and his colleagues stated, “The author’s conclusions were based on the application of a flawed statistical test and the use of older observational datasets.” (1) Once these errors were corrected, Dr. Santer found that model simulations matched the observations very closely. Let’s also examine my opponent’s third quote which came from an expert affiliated with the National Center for Policy Analysis. Interestingly, this conservative think tank has received thousands of dollars in funding from ExxonMobil and the Koch Industries. (2-3) As extensive research has shown, the conclusions of a scientific study usually support the interests of the study's financial sponsor. (4-5) Therefore, the quote my opponent provided should not be weighted heavily. Hansen’s projections: My opponent claims that I compared Hansen’s projections to only land temperature data. However, if my opponent had examined my sixth reference, he would realize that this is not the case. In reality, I compared the model projections to the GISS land-ocean temperature index, which includes data from all over the globe. My opponent also alleges that I compared the temperature data to model projections for Hansen’s “C” scenario. However, as I explained very clearly, I actually compared the data to the more realistic “B” scenario. Clearly, I was not "cherry-picking" data, as my opponent alleges. Dessler’s findings: My opponent claims that Dessler’s findings have been refuted by a study conducted by Roy Spencer. However, this is not the case. Spencer’s study was published nearly four years ago, while Dessler’s study was just released six months ago. Moreover, Spencer analyzed only five years of satellite data while Dessler considered an entire decade of observations. Spencer himself has even stated that,"The time scales addressed here are short and not necessarily indicative of climate time scales". Thus, we can be virtually certain that Dessler’s results are much more robust than Spencer’s. Dessler's conclusions are also supported by a variety of studies showing that Lindzen’s IRIS hypothesis is incorrect. (6-8) As Lin et al. stated, “The observations show that the clouds have much higher albedos and moderately larger longwave fluxes than those assumed by Lindzen et al. As a result, decreases in these clouds would cause a significant but weak positive feedback to the climate system, instead of providing a strong negative feedback.” (6) Upper Tropospheric warming: My opponent claims that the troposphere is not warming as rapidly as models predict. He cites two studies to back up this claim, both of which were published over four years ago. Obviously, new satellite and radiosonde datasets have been developed since the publication of these studies. These new datasets show enhanced tropospheric warming due to improvements in our ability to identify and adjust for biases introduced by changes over time in the instruments used to measure temperature. (1) As one study concluded, two newly adjusted radiosonde time series indicate that the upper troposphere is warming at a rate of .2–.3ºC per decade. This is almost exactly what the models have predicted. (9) Other independent observations also indicate that the upper troposphere is warming at a rate consistent with models. For example, one study used measurements of wind shear to estimate temperature trends. This study concluded as follows: “We derive estimates of temperature trends for the upper troposphere to the lower stratosphere since 1970. Over the period of observations, we find a maximum warming trend of 0.65º K per decade near the 200 hPa pressure level, below the tropical tropopause. Warming patterns are consistent with model predictions except for small discrepancies close to the tropopause. The agreement with models increases confidence in current model-based predictions of future climate change.” (10) In summary, the discrepancies that my opponent pointed out were most likely due to inaccuracies in the old observational datasets, not fundamental model errors. This is just another example demonstrating that models can actually be more accurate than data. Response to the Mount Pinatubo eruption: When Mount Pinatubo erupted in 1991, it provided a meaningful opportunity to evaluate how accurately models could predict the climate response to an increase in sulfate aerosols. The models accurately forecasted the subsequent global cooling of about 0.5°C soon after the eruption. Furthermore, the radiative, water vapor and dynamical feedbacks included in the models were verified. (11) Simulations of the planet’s energy imbalance: Global climate models have accurately simulated the planetary energy imbalance. As Dr. James Hansen concluded, “Our climate model...calculates that Earth is now absorbing 0.85 watts per square meter more energy from the Sun than it is emitting to space. This imbalance is confirmed by precise measurements of increasing ocean heat content over the past 10 years.” (12) Conclusion: As the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded, “There is considerable confidence that climate models provide credible quantitative estimates of future climate change, particularly at continental scales and above. This confidence comes from the foundation of the models in accepted physical principles and from their ability to reproduce observed features of current climate and past climate changes. Over several decades of development, models have consistently provided a robust and unambiguous picture of significant climate warming in response to increasing greenhouse gases.” (13). References: http://www.realclimate.org... http://www.guardian.co.uk... http://www.greenpeace.org... http://www.bmj.com... http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com... http://journals.ametsoc.org... http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net... http://journals.ametsoc.org... http://journals.ametsoc.org... http://www.nature.com... http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov... http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov... http://ipcc.ch...

  • PRO

    The easiest way to see increasing temperatures is through...

    Global Warming is Real.

    GLOBAL WARMING IS REAL Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are higher today than at any time in at least the past 650,000 years. They are about 35% higher than before the industrial revolution, and this increase is caused by human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels. http://www.skeptic.com...; src="../../../photos/albums/1/4/3238/96287-3238-v3vsm-a.jpg" alt="http://www.skeptic.com...; /> http://www.skeptic.com...; src="../../../photos/albums/1/4/3238/96287-3238-38un8-a.jpg" alt="http://www.skeptic.com...; /> Earth has been in radiative imbalance since at least the 1970s, where less energy leaves the athmosphere than enters it. Most of this extra energy has been absorbed by the oceans. It is very likely that human activities substantially contributed to this increase in ocean heat content. The amount of heat stored in the oceans is one of the most important diagnostics for global warming, because about 90% of the additional heat is stored there. The atmosphere stores only about 2% because of its small heat capacity. The surface (including the continental ice masses) can only absorb heat slowly because it is a poor heat conductor. Thus, heat absorbed by the oceans accounts for almost all of the planet’s radiative imbalance. http://www.realclimate.org...; src="../../../photos/albums/1/4/3238/96287-3238-7g8k4-a.jpg" alt="http://www.realclimate.org...; /> Signs that the Earth is warming are recorded all over the globe. The easiest way to see increasing temperatures is through the thermometer records kept over the past century and a half. Around the world, the Earth's average temperature has risen more than 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.8 degrees Celsius) over the last century, and about twice that in parts of the Arctic. "The planet is red" in a global map of the change in average surface temperatures, noted Swiss climate scientist Thomas Stocker, co-chair of IPCC Working Group I responsible for this summary at a press conference. "The world is warming." http://data.giss.nasa.gov...; src="../../../photos/albums/1/4/3238/96287-3238-kw63s-a.jpg" alt="http://data.giss.nasa.gov...; /> The Earth's average surface temperature rose by 0.74±0.18 °C over the period 1906–2005. The rate of warming over the last half of that period was almost double that for the period as a whole (0.13±0.03 °C per decade, versus 0.07±0.02 °C per decade). The urban heat island effect is very small, estimated to account for less than 0.002 °C of warming per decade since 1900. Temperatures in the lower troposphere have increased between 0.13 and 0.22 °C (0.22 and 0.4 °F) per decade since 1979, according to satellite temperature measurements. Climate proxies show the temperature to have been relatively stable over the one or two thousand years before 1850, with regionally varying fluctuations such as the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age. The climate system can respond to changes in external forcings. External forcings can "push" the climate in the direction of warming or cooling. Examples of external forcings include changes in atmospheric composition (e.g., increased concentrations of greenhouse gases), solar luminosity, volcanic eruptions, and variations in Earth's orbit around the Sun. Orbital cycles vary slowly over tens of thousands of years and at present are in an overall cooling trend which would be expected to lead towards an ice age, but the 20th century instrumental temperature record shows a sudden rise in global temperatures. For a direct look at the atmosphere of the past, scientists drill cores through the Earth's polar ice sheets. Tiny bubbles trapped in the gas are actually pieces of the Earth's past atmosphere, frozen in time. That's how we know that the concentrations of greenhouse gases since the industrial revolution are higher than they've been for hundreds of thousands of years. But if Global Warming is real, then why it is cold in US now? First of all US is not whole Earth, second of all may be because it is winter in northern pole. December 2013 was an unusually warm month even though it was colder in the U.S. In past December, North America was colder than the average over the past decade. But Europe and Russia were much hotter than average. India was cooler than average. Australia was warmer than average. Global Temprature is the average temprature of globe, and sorry US is not globe (and who cares about US). http://www.youtube.com... [1] - http://on.natgeo.com/1bNQQJe [2] - http://bit.ly/1acL5Jh [3] - http://wapo.st/1idDRX8 [4] - http://bit.ly/1eiNzEA [5] - http://bit.ly/1bNR6rL [6] - http://bit.ly/19YXkZi [7] - http://1.usa.gov/1eEHLWB [8] - http://bit.ly/1cyoK8s [9] - http://bit.ly/1cyoLJA

    • https://www.debate.org/debates/Global-Warming-is-Real./1/

CON